Loom for weaving pile fabrics



Nov. 10, l925- 1,561,282 l R. L. SANDEMAN -LooM FOR wEAvING PILE FABRICSFiled March 11, 1925 2 sheets-sheet 1 I. I @im o Nov. 10, 1925.1,561,282

l R. L. SANDEMAN I Loom Fon wEAvING PILE FABRICS Fueduarch 11. 1925 zsheets-sheet 2 Inven-or pana@ Lezfghtan Sandalen by his wtarneyaPatented Nov. 10, 1925.

UNITED STATES RONALD LEIGI-ITON SANDEMAN, OF BEARSDEN, SCOTLAND.

LOOM FOB WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

Application led March 11, 1925. Serial No. 14,792.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, RONALD LEIGHTON SANDEMAN, a British subject, and aresident of Bearsden, in the county of Dumbarton, Scotland, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Connection with Loomsfor iVeaving Pile Fabrics, of which the following is the specification.

The invention relates to looms for weaving cut-pile fabrics-carpets,patterned by any means, or unpatterned-and other fabrics where the pilethreads are brought to the fabric as warp ends. The mechanism is of thattype in which the raised pile warps are received on stationaryT bladeorhooklike detents.

The invention has for its object to provide improved, simple andeffective means for engaging the raised pile warp threads, and forpresenting them to the detents so that they are engaged thereby.

These warp-presenting means consist of elements (one for each warp to beoperated on) moving with the sley. They may be carried directly upon itor upon a separate member moved in consonance with it, during the periodin which the pile loop is being formed, extend downwards between thesurface warps, and are adapted each to engage, retain and release itsparticular thread as required.

The fixed hook-like detents are so positioned that the surface warps,presented by the presenting elements, engage them and pass over and areretained by their (the detents) hook-like ends when beat-up takes place,being left there when the presenting elements retire. The detents may beof the type used in prior detent mechanisms of the kind referred to ormay be any convenient variants thereof which will perform the requiredfunction. They may be armed with pile-loop cutting devices or anyconvenient form of such devices may be applied in connection with them.

It is lto be understood that these presenting elements are essentiallydevices which, when extended between the raised surface warps, engageand retain them at the predetermined time. Their form, the method of andmeans for their operation, and the manner of their carrying may clearlytherefore be very widely varied.

For instance, they may consist of stiff wires arranged vertically withtheir lower.

ends bent or eccentric and pivoted vertically and side-by-side in acasing above the threads. Within the casing a cam-operated means foroscillating the wires through a suiiicient arc-for instance a bar havingslots in it which Aengage cranks formed in the upper parts of the wires,mounted to slide horizontally and transversely in the box, and which isoperated by the cam-may be provided for this purpose.

Or such wires may be arranged at an angle other than the vertical. y

Again, wires may be mounted in a rotatable spindle and their lower endsbe helicoid arcs entering between the raised surface warps, and of thesame pitch, the partial rotation of the spindle causing them to engageand retain the threads.

Or again, helicoid discs may be so mounted on a horizontal spindle.

Illustrative examples of the carrying out of the invention are shownsomewhat diagrammatically on two accompanying sheets of explanatorydrawings in which Figure l is an end elevation of the lay-out of a formof operating mechanism; Figure 2 a front elevation of a part thereof;Figure 3 a crosssectional elevation to an enlarged scale of a presentingelement and its holder; Figures 4 and 5 views in elevation and planrespectively of a form of detent element; while Figures 6 and 7 areviews in end elevation and front elevation respectively showing analternative type of presenting element and the method of mounting same,and Figures 8 and 9 similar views of a third type of presenting element.

1n the example of the lay-out of the operating mechanism shown inFigures 1 and 2, detent elements A (Figures 4 and 5) of blade-lik@l formand provided with knives A1 each lying in a substantially vertical planeand having at their rearward projecting ends upstanding angled fingersA2, are car-l ried by a fixed transverse bar A8 parallel with the breastbeam A4 of the loom. Presenting elements B (Figure 3) of stiff wirehaving their lower ends B1 bent at right angles to their axes arecarried side-by-side in a casing B2. On each presenting element a crankB3 is formed and these cranks are engaged by the teeth of a transverserack B4 also carried in the casing B2. This casing B2 is carried by anangle iron C secured transversely to the sley C1 which carries the usualreed C2 and is so positioned thereof that when the sley is in itsforward position the presenting' elements B are above and adjacent tothe detent elements A. To one end of the rack B4, and forming an eX-tension thereof, is pivoted a link D the other end of which ispivotally,connected` to one end of a bell-crank lever D1 which lever ispivotally mounted on the angle iron G. The other end of the bell-cranklever Dl is operatively connected by a link D2 to one end of a tappetlever D3 which at the other end is pivoted to a fixed part of theframing. The tappetlever Ds carries a tappet D4 engagged by a cam Aspring E in tension between a fixed part of the framing and the forwardend of the tappet lever D3 keeps the tappet lever in operative contactwith the cam. A

ln operation. when the sley C1, carrying' with it the casing B2, movesto its rearward position (i. e. farthest away from the fell of thecloth) in order to permit the shuttle to be thrown, the lower ends B1 ofthe presenting: elements B lie parallel with the pile 'arp threads F.These threads F are raised by jacquard or other known means and in.rising7 enter one thread between each adjacent pair of presenting`elements. The contour of the cam D5 is such that it now depresses thetappet lever D3 and, through the link D2, so moves the bell-crank leverD1 that the rack B* is constrained to move in a lateral direction in thecasing B2 thereby turning` the presenting elements B until the lower endB1 of each element lies in a direction transverse to the threads F andtouches the next adjacent element, thus closing the apertures betweenthe elements and retaining the threads therein. The sley now swingsforward and the presentingV elements A bring the threads F into theposition shown by the. chain line F1 in Figure l. It will be seenthatthepile warp threads have passed forward to a position in front ofthe an'ledfinoers A2 on the detent elements A. The cam D5 now releasesthe pressure on the tappet lever -D3 and the spring1 E by means of thelink D2 and the bell-crank lever D1 causes the rack to move in the re'-verse direction, thereby turning` the presenting' elements B until theirlower ends lll lie parallel with the threads which 4are now free' todrop clear of the presenting elements. rlhe threads are now lowered andthe shuttle is passed, the threads beine' retained, in the form of aloop, on the detent elements A. by the anoled fingers A2. The

. shoot of weft is then beaten up. thus binding' the loops in the usualway. These loops travel in succession alone' the detent eleelement A.owing' to the uptake of the cloth, until they encounter the knives A1and by them are cut, thus forming; a cut pile fabric.

In the example shown in Figures 6 and 7,` the presenting elements B havetheir lower ends B1 in the forni of helicoid arcs and the elements aremounted side by side in a spindle G. In using this construct-ion,

the spindle G is mounted on the sley Cl (Figures l and 2)' in place ofthe casing C2 and a partial rotary movement is given to the spindle by acam mechanism. This partial rotation of the spindle causes the lowerends B1 of the presenting elements l to engage and retain the threads F.Then partial rotation in the reverse direction frees the threads whenthey are in position over the detent elements A.

The' example shown in Figures 8 and f) only differs from the previousexample in that the presenting elements l5 are in the form of helicoiddiscs mounted on the spindle G.

That I claim .is

l. In looms for making,l pile fabrics, a sley, loop or tutt-formingmechanism comprising` a set of detent elements in combination with a setof coacting' present-ing elements carried by and participating in themovements of the sley during the period in which the pile loops arebeing formed, and means to impart to said presenting elements movementsindependent of those participated in with the sley to cause saidpresenting elements each to engage, retain and release its particularthread and place it on a detent element.

2.111 looms for making pile fabrics, a sley, and loop ortuft'-formingmechanism comprising a set of detent elements incombination with a set of coacting presenting elements carried by andadapted to more in consonance with the sley during the period in whichthe pile loops are being formed, and means to impart to said pre'-sentine elements oscillatory movements independent of the movementsparticipated in with the sley to cause the presenting' ele` ments eachto engage, retain and'release its particular thread and place it on adetent element.

3. ln looms for making' pile fabrics, a sley, and loop or tuft foriningmechanism comprising' a set of detent elements in com'- bination with aset of coactine' presenting` elements carried by and bodily movable withthe sley during` the period in which the pile loops are being;` formed,and means including` a cam for imparting to said pre'- sentinc' elementsmovements of partial rotation independent of their bodily movements tocause said presenting' elements each to engage, retain and release itsparticular thread and place it on a detent element.

4. In looms for making pile fabrics, a sley, and loop or tuft-forming'mechanism comprising' a set of detent elements in com'- bination with aset of coacting presentingr elements adapted to move in consonance llOwith the sley during` the period in which the pile loops are being`formed7 and means adapted to cause the presenting elemeniis each toengage, retain and release its particular thread and place it on adetent element, said means comprising e crank on each presentingelement, a, rack erliggyagiillf;`

these cranks7 and :L Cain-operated lever adapted to give lateralmovement to the rack. 1e

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

RONALD LEIGHTON SANDEMAN.

